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Water and Wastewater

NIS2 + KRITIS · Drinking Water and Wastewater

Cybersecurity for Water and Wastewater Utilities

Since the NIS-2 Implementation Act (NIS2UmsuCG), water suppliers, wastewater management companies, and special-purpose associations are subject to the German Federal Office for Information Security Act (BSI-Gesetz)—often with a small team and without a dedicated security department. We provide the building blocks you need: phishing simulations, awareness training, vulnerability management, and incident response—for administrative IT, employees, and emergencies.

THE REALITY

The water keeps flowing - and yet operations have come to a standstill.

In known attacks on water suppliers in Europe, office IT was usually hit: billing, email, customer service. At South Staffs Water (2022) and Southern Water (2024), supplies continued uninterrupted – but data theft, mandatory reporting, and weeks of recovery still followed.

67%

of companies in Germany were verifiably affected by data theft, espionage, or sabotage in 2026, according to Bitkom—with another 29% suspecting they were.

24 hrs

remain for an early warning to the BSI following a significant security incident—notification within 72 hours, final report one month later.

€10 million

Fine framework for essential entities, up to €7 million for important entities—for large enterprises, also calculated as a percentage of global turnover.

Sources: Bitkom Economic Protection 2026 · Company press releases from South Staffs Water (2022) and Southern Water (2024) · Section 32, Section 65 BSIG (Federal Office for Information Security Act).

THE REALITY

The water keeps flowing - and yet operations have come to a standstill.

In known attacks on water suppliers in Europe, office IT was usually hit: billing, email, customer service. At South Staffs Water (2022) and Southern Water (2024), supplies continued uninterrupted – but data theft, mandatory reporting, and weeks of recovery still followed.

67%

of companies in Germany were verifiably affected by data theft, espionage, or sabotage in 2026, according to Bitkom—with another 29% suspecting they were.

24 hrs

remain for an early warning to the BSI following a significant security incident—notification within 72 hours, final report one month later.

€10 million

Fine framework for essential entities, up to €7 million for important entities—for large enterprises, also calculated as a percentage of global turnover.

Sources: Bitkom Economic Protection 2026 · Company press releases from South Staffs Water (2022) and Southern Water (2024) · Section 32, Section 65 BSIG (Federal Office for Information Security Act).

Regulatory context

Water and wastewater are included in the BSI Act – including municipal operators.

Drinking water supply and wastewater disposal are among the sectors with high criticality. Whether municipal enterprise, special-purpose association, public law institution (AöR), or municipal utility company (Stadtwerke-GmbH): anyone who reaches the thresholds is affected. We clarify the specific scope for your individual case in a free risk assessment.

01 · NIS2 / BSIG

Essential or particularly important facility

Entities with 50 or more employees or an annual turnover and balance sheet total exceeding €10 million are classified as "important entities." Those with 250 or more employees or over €50 million in turnover and a €43 million balance sheet total are classified as "particularly important entities." Obligations include: registration with the BSI (Federal Office for Information Security), risk management pursuant to Section 30 of the BSIG, reporting requirements pursuant to Section 32 of the BSIG, and implementation and supervision by management (Section 38 of the BSIG).

02 · Municipal Operators

Municipal enterprise, Special-purpose association, Institution under public law (AöR), Limited liability company (GmbH)

Legally dependent municipal entities, such as public utility companies and directly managed municipal enterprises, are also subject to the BSI Act if they provide their services for a fee. The only exception applies to entities for which water supply or wastewater disposal is not an essential part of their overall activities.

Legal sources: BSI Act (Sections 28, 30, 32, 38, 65 and Annex 1 BSIG) · BSI Critical Infrastructure Ordinance · KRITIS Umbrella Act.

OUR SOLUTIONS

Four services that together make up your security program.

We take care of your office and administrative IT, your employees, and emergencies. Process control systems and plant automation are not part of our services—we collaborate with your existing partners in those areas.

Continuous training

Phishing Simulation

Regular campaigns with decoys based on everyday utility business—invoices, inquiries about official notices, emails from service providers. Measurable click and report rates that can be used directly as proof of required training.

Employee Resilience

Awareness Training

Core course taking around 20 minutes per year, plus short spotlights—for administration, customer service, IT/engineering, and on-call teams. Includes executive management training as required by Section 38 of the German Federal Office for Information Security Act (BSIG).

Know the attack surface

Vulnerability Management

Continuous detection and assessment of vulnerabilities in your office and administrative IT, prioritized by risk rather than CVSS noise, featuring remediation tracking and audit-ready reports.

IMMEDIATE HELP IN AN EMERGENCY

Incident Response

If it does happen: Initial assessment via the incident hotline, containment, analysis, recovery, and drafts for reports to the BSI. Mon–Fri 9 am–5 pm, initial consultation is free of charge.

WHY ENTROPY CS

Security for small teams with big responsibilities.

Many water utilities operate with just a handful of IT staff or rely entirely on service providers. They don't need a hundred-point action plan, but clear priorities, reliable proof, and support in an emergency.

Priorities instead of catalogues

We start where the risk is greatest—usually with phishing, unpatched access points, and the lack of an incident response plan. Step by step, alongside your existing team.

Documentation for Supervisory Authorities and Boards

Every one of our services generates evidence that you can use for NIS2 and ISO 27001—clearly prepared for plant management, association assemblies, or supervisory boards.

Care comes first

Every measure—scanning windows, training schedules, containment in an emergency—is coordinated to keep your business running smoothly. Cybersecurity is a means, not an end in itself.

Answers for water suppliers and wastewater management companies.

Answers for water suppliers and wastewater management companies.

The questions plant managers, executives, and IT leaders ask us. We can answer any further questions during your free Risk Assessment.

Does our water supplier fall under NIS2?

Does our water supplier fall under NIS2?

Does this also apply to municipal enterprises and special-purpose associations?

Does this also apply to municipal enterprises and special-purpose associations?

What should we do first?

What should we do first?

Does the plant management or executive management need to undergo training themselves?

Does the plant management or executive management need to undergo training themselves?

Do you also support process control systems?

Do you also support process control systems?

Our IT is handled by an external service provider – does this still apply to us?

Our IT is handled by an external service provider – does this still apply to us?

How much does that cost?

How much does that cost?

FREE RISK ASSESSMENT

30 minutes. An honest picture of your security posture.

Every conversation starts with a free risk assessment – 30 minutes, no obligation. Afterwards, you will receive a written report outlining your cybersecurity maturity level, risk areas, and immediate actions.

FREE RISK ASSESSMENT

30 minutes. An honest picture of your security posture.

Every conversation starts with a free risk assessment – 30 minutes, no obligation. Afterwards, you will receive a written report outlining your cybersecurity maturity level, risk areas, and immediate actions.